What is a type 1a supernova? How often do they occur?
Stars with masses between 8 and 15 solar masses end their lives with an explosion a brilliant burst of light called a supernova that can briefly outshine an entire galaxy and radiate more energy than the Sun does in its entire lifetime!
These are called Type II supernovae.
When a white dwarf in a close binary star system accretes matter from its companion and explodes when its mass goes over 1.4 solar masses.
This is called a Type I supernova.
Type I supernovae lack a hydrogen signature in their light spectra because they originate from a white dwarf.
As the gas of the companion star accumulates onto the white dwarf, the white dwarf is progressively compressed, and eventually sets off a runaway nuclear reaction leading to a cataclysmic supernova explosion.
It is 1a because there are other types of type 1 supernovae type 1b and 1c that undergo core-collapse of massive stars just as other Type II supernovae do, but they have lost most of their outer hydrogen layer.
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